Mastectomy is a surgery that removes one or both breasts. This procedure is usually done to treat breast cancer or to reduce the risk of developing it.
What is Mastectomy?
Mastectomy is a surgery where breast tissue is removed to treat or prevent breast cancer. The decision to have this surgery depends on factors like the size and location of the tumour, the stage of cancer, and your overall health.
Types of Mastectomy
- Total Mastectomy: This involves removing the entire breast, including the nipple and areola. It is often recommended for treating invasive breast cancer.
- Modified Radical Mastectomy: In this type, the entire breast and some nearby lymph nodes are removed. It is commonly done when cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.
- Radical Mastectomy: This is a more extensive surgery where the entire breast, lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles are removed. It’s less common today but may be needed in advanced cases.
- Skin-Sparing Mastectomy: Here, the breast tissue is removed, but the skin remains intact. This method is often used when a reconstruction is planned right away.
- Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: This surgery removes breast tissue while keeping the nipple and some skin. It’s suitable for cases where cancer isn’t near the nipple.
Reasons for Mastectomy
- Breast Cancer Treatment: The main reason for a mastectomy is to treat invasive breast cancer, especially if the tumour is large.
- Preventive Measure: Women with a high risk of breast cancer, like those with certain gene mutations, may choose to have this surgery to prevent cancer.
- Recurrent Cancer: If breast cancer comes back after treatment, a mastectomy may be needed to remove the affected tissue.
What to Expect Before Surgery
Before your surgery, you will meet with your healthcare provider to discuss:
- Medical History: They will review your health history and examine you.
- Imaging Tests: Tests like mammograms or ultrasounds may be done to understand the cancer better.
- Surgical Options: You will talk about which type of mastectomy is best for you.
- Support: It’s essential to have support from friends or family during this time.
What Happens During Surgery
Mastectomy is usually done under general anaesthesia so that you won’t feel anything during the procedure. The surgery can take one to three hours, depending on the type.
Recovery After Mastectomy
Recovery varies by individual but generally includes:
- Pain Management: You may experience discomfort. Your doctor will provide pain relief.
- Wound Care: Follow instructions on how to care for the surgery site.
- Limit Activities: Avoid heavy lifting and intense activities for several weeks.
- Follow-Up Appointments: Regular check-ups are important for monitoring recovery.
Emotional Impact
Having a mastectomy can be emotionally challenging. Many women feel sadness or anxiety about body image. Support from counsellors or support groups can be very helpful.
Mastectomy is an important step in treating or preventing breast cancer. Understanding the procedure can help you make informed choices about your health. If you’re considering a mastectomy, talk to your doctor to discuss your options and develop a plan that fits your needs.
You’re not alone on this journey; support is just a step away! Dr. Shameem Mohammed is here to guide you and provide the care you need every step of the way.
